Markers
Several types of markers have been identified. 

Here is a good example of a 'twist'.
And here is a small example of the typical 'teepee' type marker.
Here is a larger 'teepee' type
Here is a more complex 'teepee' shape
And a large marker that has characteristics of both the 'teepee' and the arch
And some markers are laying flat on the ground
Some quite complex in areas where they could NOT have fallen
And some quite simple, but far from any tree they could have fallen from.